21st February: International Mother Language Day and Bangladesh’s Pride.
21st February is the most remarkable day in the hostory of Bangladesh.It is observed as ‘International Mother Language day” to honour the martyrs who sacrificed theier lives in 1952 for the right to speak their mother tongue, Bangla. The day is the symbol of linguistic and cultural pride for Bangladesh.
The History of 21st February:
During the rule of Pakistan (1947-1971), the government attempted to impose Urdu as the sole state language, despite the fact that the majority of people in East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) spoke Bangla. This sparked strong protests and resistance. On 21st February 1952, students and activists from Dhaka University, including Salam, Rafiq, Barkat, Jabbar, and many others, took to the streets to demand recognition of Bangla as one of the state languages. The police opened fire on the demonstrators, killing several students. Their sacrifice eventually led to the recognition of Bangla as one of the state languages of Pakistan in 1956.
Significance of the Day
The movement for language rights played a crucial role in Bangladesh’s struggle for independence, which was achieved in 1971. To commemorate the sacrifices of the martyrs, Shaheed Minar (Martyrs’ Monument) was built in Dhaka. Every year on Ekushey February, people pay tribute by placing flowers at Shaheed Minar, singing “Amar Bhaiyer Rokte Rangano”, and observing a day of mourning and pride.
Recognition as International Mother Language Day
In 1999, UNESCO declared 21st February as International Mother Language Day, recognizing the importance of linguistic and cultural diversity worldwide. Since 2000, this day has been celebrated globally, promoting the preservation and protection of all languages.
Observance and Legacy
In Bangladesh, 21st February is a national holiday, observed with solemnity and reverence. People walk barefoot in silent processions, wearing black badges, and offering floral tributes at Shaheed Minars across the country. Schools, cultural organizations, and media emphasize the significance of linguistic heritage, reinforcing the pride of being a Bangali.
Conclusion:
The sacrifices made on 21st February 1952 have not only shaped the identity of Bangladesh but have also inspired global recognition of the importance of language rights. It is a powerful reminder that language is deeply connected to cultural identity, history, and freedom which leads to acknowledged Globaly and honoured as international Mother Language Day.